World Health Organization | February 2022 | World Cancer Day: closing the care gap
On World Cancer Day (4 February 2022), WHO released Setting Up a Cancer Centre: a WHO-IAEA Framework, being released by the World Health Organization and the International Atomic Energy Agency for World Cancer Day, proposes a framework for both establishing a cancer centre and strengthening the provision of services in existing centres. Intended for policy-makers, programme managers and health professionals, it provides details of the infrastructure, human resources and equipment required for essential services, taking into consideration local context and resources available.
Cancer is one of the world’s leading causes of death, and its burden is growing. In 2021, the world crossed a sobering new threshold – an estimated 20 million people were diagnosed with cancer, and 10 million died. These numbers will continue to rise in the decades ahead. And yet all cancers can be treated, and many can be prevented or cured.
Care for cancer, however, like so many other diseases, reflects the inequalities and inequities of our world. The clearest distinction is between high- and low-income countries, with comprehensive treatment reportedly available in more than 90 per cent of high-income countries but less than 15 per cent of low-income countries.
Similarly, the survival of children diagnosed with cancer is more than 80 per cent in high-income countries, and less than 30 per cent in low- and middle-income countries. And breast cancer survival five years after diagnosis now exceeds 80 per cent in most high-income countries, compared with 66 per cent in India and just 40 per cent in South Africa.
Furthermore, a recent WHO survey found that cancer services are covered by a country’s largest, government health financing scheme in an estimated 37 per cent of low- and middle-income countries, compared to at least 78 per cent of high-income countries. This means that a cancer diagnosis has the potential to push families into poverty, particularly in lower-income countries, an effect that has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Closing the care gap
For all of these reasons, the theme for this year’s World Cancer Day is “closing the care gap”.
Full details from WHO
Setting Up a Cancer Centre: A WHO–IAEA Framework